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On June 15, 2022, the Nationwide Freeway Site visitors Security Administration (NHTSA) launched knowledge for L2 ADAS autos and automatic driving system (ADS) autos, which incorporates L2, L3, and L4 knowledge. As of in the present day, L5 knowledge shouldn’t be but accessible.
The statistics cowl July 2021 by Might 15, 2022. The NHTSA plans to launch related knowledge on a month-to-month foundation. You may obtain a number of datasets straight from the NHTSA beneath:
This column will summarize the NHTSA ADS data from the paperwork listed above in addition to embrace further collision knowledge.
NHTSA ADS knowledge
The NHTSA launched three units of information. The ADS, or L3-L4, knowledge consists of abstract data within the PDF file and detailed incident data in an Excel file. There are 130 incidents from July 2021 to Might 15, 2022. ADAS, or L2, data is the second dataset and has 367 incidents. This knowledge shall be coated in one other column.
The third, or “Different,” dataset has numerous incidents, however few have detailed data.
The NHTSA supplied an eight-page abstract of the ADS knowledge, together with a number of helpful figures which can be included on this column. The info covers 130 collisions from July 2021 to Might 15, 2022.
There’s additionally an Excel-ready file with detailed data on all collisions. The file has 207 entries and covers 130 crashes. The additional entries are as a result of a number of fillings per incident, together with updates with new data. Every spreadsheet entry has detailed collision data — as much as 122 columns of information. The Information Aspect Definition file explains what every column means (linked above). Helpful data earlier than the crash, in the course of the crash, and after the crash are requested, together with automobile actions, climate and lighting circumstances, street circumstances, location coordinates, addresses, and extra. Private and associated data are redacted.
The subsequent desk summarizes the names of the businesses that crammed crash studies. The info is from a determine on web page 5 within the NHTSA abstract report. For higher views, the data is segmented into ADS use instances — robotaxis, MaaS, and robotrucks.
There’s additionally a phase for all of the auto OEMs. It’s doable that Ford knowledge is a replica of Argo.ai knowledge and GM knowledge is a replica of Cruise knowledge. The “Different” class lists one Tesla filling that ought to have been within the ADAS L2 class. Because of a number of fillings for some crashes, the overall is 191 for the 130 crashes. Native Motors Ollie has two duplicate fillings by Beep and Robotic Analysis.
The robotaxi class has probably the most crash listings at 113, with Waymo main with 62 crash studies. MaaS has 43 crashes as a result of a big quantity by Transdev. Robotrucks has solely two objects. Nonetheless, the NHTSA’s “different incident studies” had numerous truck crash studies.
The subsequent determine reveals harm severity for ADS crashes, and the information is promising. The determine is from web page 6 of the NHTSA’s ADS abstract report. Of the 132 crashes reported, 108 (82%) had no accidents.
Solely 12 crashes (9.1%) had minor accidents. Reasonable accidents occurred in three crashes (2.3%). One crash had a severe harm, which is lower than 0.8% of whole crashes. There have been no fatality crashes.
The NHTSA has passable knowledge on precisely what ADS autos collide with, as proven within the subsequent determine. The info is from web page 6 of the NHTSA’s ADS abstract report. Passenger automobiles are the main class, at 61 (46%) of the overall 132 objects included. SUVs accounted for 20% (27) objects.
State crash knowledge
The ADS crash knowledge is offered by state. California accounted for a lot of the knowledge, at 90 of the 130 crashes (69%). Arizona was subsequent, with 12 crashes (9.2%). Florida was third with seven crashes (5.3%). Nevada had 4 crashes. 5 states had two crashes: Colorado, Indiana, Michigan, Virginia, and Wyoming. Two states had one crash: Georgia and Pennsylvania.
ADS crash report sources
Many of the crashes had been reported by a number of sources, as there have been a complete of 258 crash report sources listed for 130 crashes. Telematics was the main supply of crash studies, with 104 studies (80%) of all crashes. Subject studies had 78 objects (60% of all crashes). Testing of ADS autos supplied 62 studies, or almost 48% of all crashes. Complaints or claims added 4 crash studies. Legislation enforcement added just one crash report. Eight studies had been unclassified.
NHTSA different knowledge
The NHTSA supplied an Excel file with different incident knowledge. It’s the largest file, with 912 collision entries together with duplicates. Evaluation estimates there are 21 duplicates. The file has the identical knowledge construction because the ADS and ADAS information, however there are little or no particulars accessible for many entries.
The issue with this knowledge is that each ADS and ADAS autos are included and there may be little knowledge to separate the 2 segments. To get some readability on the ADS autos, this evaluation makes use of the identical firm segmentation used for ADS entities listed above. This implies the businesses listed in robotaxis, MaaS, and robotrucks shall be within the ADS class. Many of the “Different” class are seemingly ADS autos.
The auto OEMs include each ADS and ADAS L2 autos, with ADAS seemingly accounting for the majority of collisions. Luxurious auto manufacturers comparable to Bentley, Ferrari, Lamborghini, Maserati, and McLaren had been excluded and they’re principally ADAS L2 autos.
Additionally excluded had been Tier 1 corporations comparable to Continental, Denso, Magna, Qualcomm, Robert Bosch, Valeo, and ZF. They’re additionally seemingly ADAS L2 autos.
The beneath desk consists of 646 collisions from 74 corporations. The robotaxi, MaaS, and robotruck classes add as much as 359 collisions, and they need to all be ADS autos. About 70% of the opposite class are seemingly ADS autos. The % of ADS collisions of the auto OEM class is within the 30% vary. This implies about 500 of the collisions on this NHTSA database are ADS incidents.
Abstract
It’s useful to get NHTSA collision knowledge for ADS autos, however far more is required. We additionally want autos miles traveled to get higher evaluation of ADS enchancment tendencies.
There’s additionally collision knowledge from the California DMV. A current column regarded on the ADS collisions tracked by the California DMV and is offered right here.
We additionally must have a greater understanding of simply how good ADS autos should be. One would count on that they need to carry out higher than the typical driver when it comes to collision charges. The subsequent desk has crash fee abstract of NHTSA knowledge for 2019 and 2020. Solely restricted 2021 knowledge is offered.
It’s noticeable that the variety of crashes and VMT declined from 2019 to 2020, with crashes declining at a better fee. Therefore, the typical miles between crashes elevated from 483,000 miles in 2019 to 553,000 miles in 2020.
The other occurred to fatality charges as visitors deaths elevated by 7.6%, whereas VMT declined by 11%. The result’s the typical miles between fatalities decreased from 9.037 million miles in 2019 to 7.48 million miles in 2020, or 17.2%.
The NHTSA prefers to make use of a unique fatality measure, expressed as fatalities per 100 million VMT. In 2019, the fatality fee was 1.11 fatalities per 100 million VMT, which jumped to 1.34 fatalities per 100 million VMT in 2020.
The fatality fee stayed about the identical in 2021 at 1.33, as 42,915 folks had been killed in 2021 within the U.S. This was as a result of a lot larger VMT in 2021 at about 3.23 billion miles, or an 11% improve from 2020.
