Every part You Must Know In regards to the Hole After the Record Marker | CSS-Tips

I used to be studying “Artistic Record Styling” on Google’s internet.dev weblog and observed one thing odd in one of many code examples within the ::marker part of the article. The built-in record markers are bullets, ordinal numbers, and letters. The ::marker pseudo-element permits us to model these markers or exchange them with a customized character or picture.

::marker {
  content material: url('/marker.svg') ' ';
}

The instance that caught my consideration makes use of an SVG icon as a customized marker for the record objects. However there’s additionally a single area character (" ") within the CSS worth subsequent to the url() operate. The aim of this area appears to be to insert a spot after the customized marker.

Once I noticed this code, I instantly puzzled if there was a greater technique to create the hole. Appending an area to content material feels extra like a workaround than the optimum resolution. CSS offers margin and padding and different customary methods to area out parts on the web page. May none of those properties be used on this scenario?

First, I attempted to substitute the area character with a correct margin:

::marker {
  content material: url('/marker.svg');
  margin-right: 1ch;
}

This didn’t work. Because it seems, ::marker solely helps a small set of principally text-related CSS properties. For instance, you may change the font-size and coloration of the marker, and outline a customized marker by setting content material to a string or URL, as proven above. However the margin and padding properties are not supported, so setting them has no impact. What a disappointment.

May it actually be {that a} area character is the one technique to insert a spot after a customized marker? I wanted to seek out out. As I researched this matter, I made just a few fascinating discoveries that I’d prefer to share on this article.

Including padding and margins

First, let’s affirm what margin and padding do on the <ul> and <li> parts. I’ve created a take a look at web page for this goal. Drag the related sliders and observe the impact on the spacing on all sides of the record marker. Tip: Use the Reset button liberally to reset all controls to their preliminary values.

Observe: Browsers apply a default padding-inline-left of 40px to <ol> and <ul> parts. The logical padding-inline-left property is equal to the bodily padding-left property in writing techniques with a left-to-right inline course. On this article, I’m going to make use of bodily properties for the sake of simplicity.

As you may see, padding-left on <li> will increase the hole after the record marker. The opposite three properties management the spacing to the left of the marker, in different phrases, the indentation of the record merchandise.

Discover that even when the record merchandise’s padding-left is 0px, there may be nonetheless a minimal hole after the marker. This hole can’t be decreased with margin or padding. The precise size of the minimal hole is dependent upon the browser.

To sum up, the record merchandise’s content material is positioned at a browser-specific minimal distance from the marker, and this hole could be additional elevated by including a padding-left to <li>.

Subsequent, let’s see what occurs after we place the marker inside the record merchandise.

Transferring the marker contained in the record merchandise

The list-style-position property accepts two key phrases: outdoors, which is the default, and inside, which strikes the marker contained in the record merchandise. The latter is helpful for creating designs with full-width record objects.

If the marker is now inside the record merchandise, does this imply that padding-left on <li> not will increase the hole after the marker? Let’s discover out. On my take a look at web page, activate list-style-position: inside by way of the checkbox. How are the 4 padding and margin properties affected by this modification?

As you may see, padding-left on <li> now will increase the spacing to the left of the marker. Which means we’ve misplaced the power to extend the hole after the marker. On this scenario, it might be helpful to have the ability to add margin-right to the ::marker itself, however that doesn’t work, as we’ve established above.

Moreover, there’s a bug in Chromium that causes the hole after the marker to triple after switching to inside positioning. By default, the size of the hole is about one-third of the textual content dimension. So at a default font-size of 16px, the hole is about 5.5px. After switching to inside, the hole grows to the total 16px in Chrome. This bug impacts the disc, circle, and sq. markers, however not ordinal quantity markers.

The next picture reveals the default rendering of out of doors and inside-positioned record markers throughout three main browsers on macOS. To your comfort, I’ve horizontally aligned all record objects on their markers to make it simpler to match the variations in hole sizes.

To sum up, switching to list-style-position: inside introduces two issues. We will not enhance the hole by way of padding-left on <li>, and the hole dimension is inconsistent between browsers.

Lastly, let’s see what occurs after we exchange the default record marker with a customized marker.

Switching to a customized marker

There are two methods to outline a customized marker:

• list-style-type and list-style-image properties
• content material property on the ::marker pseudo-element

The content material property is extra highly effective. For instance, it permits us to make use of the counter() operate to entry the record merchandise’s ordinal quantity (the implicit list-item counter) and adorn it with customized strings.

Sadly, Safari doesn’t assist the content material property on ::marker but (WebKit bug). For that reason, I’m going to make use of the list-style-type property to outline the customized marker. You’ll be able to nonetheless use the ::marker selector to model the customized marker declared by way of list-style-type. That side of ::marker is supported in Safari.

Any Unicode character can probably function a customized record marker, however solely a small set of characters even have “Bullet” of their official identify, so I assumed I’d compile them right here for reference.

Observe: The CSS sq. key phrase doesn’t have a corresponding “Bullet” character in Unicode. The character that comes closest is the Black Small Sq. (▪️) emoji (U+25AA).

Now let’s see what occurs after we exchange the default record marker with list-style-type: "•" (U+2022 Bullet). This is identical character because the default bullet, so there shouldn’t be any main rendering variations. On my take a look at web page, activate the list-style-type possibility and observe any modifications to the marker.

As you may see, there are two vital modifications:

1. There isn’t a longer a minimal hole after the marker.
2. The bullet has turn into smaller, as if it had been rendered at a smaller font-size.

In line with CSS Counter Types Degree 3, the default record marker (disc) needs to be “just like • U+2022 BULLET”. It appears that evidently browsers enhance the dimensions of the default bullet to make it extra legible. Firefox even makes use of a particular font, -moz-bullet-font, for the marker.

Can the small dimension drawback be fastened with CSS? On my take a look at web page, activate marker styling and observe what occurs once you change the font-size, line-height, and font-family of the marker.

As you may see, rising the font-size causes the customized marker to turn into vertically misaligned, and this can’t be corrected by lowering the line-height. The vertical-align property, which might simply repair this drawback, is just not supported on ::marker.

However did you discover that altering the font-family may cause the marker to turn into larger? Strive setting it to Tahoma. This might probably be a good-enough workaround for the small-size drawback, though I haven’t examined which font works greatest throughout the foremost browsers and working techniques.

You may additionally have observed that the Chromium bug doesn’t happen anymore once you place the marker contained in the record merchandise. Which means a customized marker can function a workaround for this bug. And this leads me to the principle drawback, and the explanation why I began researching this matter. In the event you outline a customized marker and place it contained in the record merchandise, there isn’t a hole after the marker and no technique to insert a spot by customary means.

1. There isn’t a minimal hole after customized markers.
2. ::marker doesn’t assist padding or margin.
3. padding-left on <li> doesn’t enhance the hole, for the reason that marker is positioned inside.

Abstract

Right here’s a abstract of all the important thing info that I’ve talked about within the article:

1. Browsers apply a default padding-inline-start of 40px to <ul> and <ol> parts.
2. There’s a minimal hole after built-in record markers (disc, decimal, and many others.). There isn’t a minimal hole after customized markers (string or URL).
3. The size of the hole could be elevated by including a padding-left to <ul>, however provided that the marker is positioned outdoors the record merchandise (the default mode).
4. Customized string markers have a smaller default dimension than built-in markers. Altering the font-family on ::marker can enhance their dimension.

Conclusion

Trying again on the code instance from the start of the article, I feel I perceive now why there’s an area character within the content material worth. There’s simply no higher technique to insert a spot after the SVG marker. It’s a workaround that’s wanted as a result of no quantity of margin and padding can create a spot after a customized marker that’s positioned contained in the record merchandise. A margin-right on ::marker might simply do it, however that’s not supported.

Till ::marker provides assist for extra properties, internet builders will usually haven’t any alternative however to cover the marker and emulate it with a ::earlier than pseudo-element. I had to do this myself not too long ago as a result of I couldn’t change the marker’s background-color. Hopefully, we received’t have to attend too lengthy for a extra highly effective ::marker pseudo-element.